Jaw crusher jaw plate
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  • Jaw crusher jaw plate

1. Basic Overview and Classification of Crusher Jaw Plates

Crusher jaw plates are the core wear-resistant parts of jaw crushers, directly contacting the material and achieving crushing through compression. They are divided into movable jaw plates and fixed jaw plates (stationary jaw plates), functioning similarly to an animal's "upper and lower jaws." Through the periodic swinging of the movable jaw plate cooperating with the fixed jaw plate, compressive and grinding forces are applied to the material to complete the crushing process. Depending on the jaw crusher model, jaw plates come in various sizes and specifications. For example, a 500×750 model crusher fits specific jaw plate sizes, which must precisely match the equipment model to ensure crushing efficiency.

2. Structure, Function, and Working Principle of Crusher Jaw Plates

1. Core Structural Components

Movable Jaw Plate: Driven by an eccentric shaft to perform periodic swinging; it is the active crushing component, and its motion trajectory directly affects crushing efficiency;

Fixed Jaw Plate: Fixed to the crusher frame, forming the crushing chamber with the movable jaw plate and bearing the reactive force from the material;

Side Liners: Installed on both sides of the crushing chamber, mostly made of cast steel, serving as auxiliary wear-resistant parts and classified as chipping-type abrasive wear components.

2. Working Principle

The motor drives the eccentric shaft to rotate via a belt pulley, causing the movable jaw plate to perform an up-and-down reciprocating motion:

Rising Stage: The angle between the toggle plate and movable jaw increases, pushing the movable jaw plate closer to the fixed jaw plate, compressing the material to achieve crushing.

Falling Stage: The angle decreases, and the movable jaw plate resets under the action of the pull rod spring, allowing crushed material to discharge from the outlet.

During this process, the lower part of the jaw plate, which contacts the material more frequently, usually wears faster than the upper part.

3. Core Material Properties

Indicator

Parameter

Traditional Material Comparison

Initial Hardness

HB 180-220

Lower than high-chromium cast iron (HRC 60+)

Hardness After Work Hardening

HB 500-550

Increased by more than 2 times

Tensile Strength

≥800 MPa

Better than ordinary carbon steel (450 MPa)

Elongation

≥35%

Impact resistant and not easy to fracture

Impact Toughness

≥150 J/cm²

5 times that of high-chromium cast iron

3. Jaw Plate Structural Design and Manufacturing Process

1. Tooth Shape Optimization

Tooth Shape

Applicable Scenarios

Crushing Efficiency

Wave-shaped Teeth

Hard Rock (Granite, Iron Ore)

High biting force, prevents material jamming

Triangular Teeth

Medium-hard Rock (Limestone, Basalt)

Balanced wear life

Trapezoidal Teeth

Sticky Material (Clay Ore)

Anti-blocking design

2. Casting Process

Water glass sand mold casting: Ensures clear contours (dimensional tolerance CT10)

Riser optimization: Computer simulation of solidification process to reduce shrinkage cavities (X-ray inspection meets ASTM E186 standards)

3. Surface Hardening

Explosion hardening: Pre-harden surface layer to HB 380-400, extending initial service life by 30%

Overlay welding repair: After wear, local repair can be done using high-chromium alloy welding rods (D667)

4. Application Scenarios and Life Reference

Jaw plates are widely used in mining, metallurgy, building materials, construction waste processing, and other fields. They can crush brittle materials such as ores, rocks, and concrete blocks with compressive strength not exceeding 320 MPa. They are key components for achieving "primary crushing" in jaw crushers.

Crushed Material

Compressive Strength (MPa)

Jaw Plate Life (hours)

Failure Mode

Granite

150-300

300-400

Tooth root fatigue fracture

Iron Ore

200-350

250-350

Impact pits + spalling

Limestone

80-150

600-800

Uniform wear

Construction Waste

Mixed Metals

150-250

Local tooth chipping

Life Extension Solutions:

Pre-screening to remove metal impurities; adjust the discharge port to be ≥1.3 times the feed particle size (to reduce overload impact).

Design optimization: Ensure the crushing chamber angle between the moving jaw and fixed jaw is reasonable to reduce impact load on the jaw plates.

Bidirectional use: When the lower part of the jaw plate is severely worn, it can be reversed and installed upside down to utilize the less worn upper part for continued operation.

Regular maintenance: Timely cleaning of residual material in the crushing chamber, checking if fastening bolts are loose to prevent increased wear of the jaw plates due to vibration.

5. Maintenance and Inspection

Daily inspection: Measure tooth height wear weekly (replace if wear exceeds 15% of original height).

Bolt preload force inspection (torque value ≥ 980 N·m).

Failure analysis: Metallographic inspection to check for grain boundary carbides caused by insufficient cooling.

Hardness gradient test: Verify the depth of the work-hardened layer (should be ≥30mm).

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Jaw crusher jaw plate
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  • Jaw crusher jaw plate

Jaw crusher jaw plate

The jaw plate of the crusher is the core wear-resistant part of the jaw crusher, directly contacting the material and achieving the crushing function through extrusion. Its role is similar to the "upper and lower jaws" of an animal. Through the periodic swinging of the movable jaw plate in coordination with the fixed jaw plate, it applies extrusion force to the material to complete the crushing process. Jaw plates come in various sizes and specifications; for example, a 500×750 model crusher fits a specific size of jaw plate and must precisely match the equipment model to ensure crushing efficiency. Jaw plates are widely used in mining, metallurgy, building materials, construction waste treatment, and other fields. They can crush brittle materials such as ores, rocks, and concrete blocks with a compressive strength not exceeding 320MPa and are key components for achieving "primary crushing" in jaw crushers.

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